• ring
• Ring (rings)
• (R)
• +
• 0_R
• −a
• −
• [R, +]
• ⋅
• 1_R
• commutative
• [R, ⋅]
• Homomorphisms
• Subrings
• unit
• R^×
• a^-1
• [R^×]
• ⋅
• ⋅
• aⁿ
• Ideals
• Quotient rings
• Examples
• Iterated operations
• Polynomials
• δ_R,i,j
• Matrices
• Modules